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Yaqut al-Hamawi

Yaqut al-Hamawi

c. 1179 CEc. 1229 CE · Baghdad

Yaqut al-Hamawi (c. 1179-1229 CE / c. 574-626 AH) was one of the great geographers and literary biographers of the medieval Islamic world. He was born to Byzantine-Greek (Rumi) parents — sources do not agree on the exact place, naming Constantinople or somewhere in Anatolia — and as a young child was captured and enslaved, then carried to Baghdad. There he was bought by a merchant from the Syrian city of Hama named Askar al-Hamawi, from whom Yaqut took the byname (nisba) "al-Hamawi." His master had him educated and used him as a commercial agent on trading voyages to the Persian Gulf, Kish island, Oman, and Syria. After he was freed, Yaqut settled in Baghdad as a copyist and bookseller, work that fed a lifelong passion for collecting knowledge. Around 1215 a public dispute in Damascus — reported to have involved remarks favorable to the caliph Muawiya and hostile to Ali, though the details are uncertain — made the city unwelcome to him, and he moved east. He spent productive years among the rich libraries of Marw (Merv) and in Khwarazm. The Mongol invasion of 1219-1220 forced him to flee westward, losing his possessions; he reached safety by way of Mosul. He completed his monumental geographical dictionary, the Mu'jam al-buldan, in the 1220s and died at Aleppo in 1229.

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Stop 1 of 61184–1215

BaghdadIraq

What they did here

Taken as an enslaved child to Baghdad and bought by Askar al-Hamawi, a merchant associated with Hama, who had him educated and employed him as a commercial agent on trading voyages (Persian Gulf, Kish, Oman, Syria). After manumission he established himself in Baghdad as a copyist and bookseller. Datings of his early life are traditional estimates drawn largely from his own and later biographers' accounts.

About Baghdad

Major Mizrahi center; home of Yosef Hayyim (Ben Ish Chai).

Across the traditions, in Baghdad at the same time

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In the same place & time

Sages whose lives overlapped with Yaqut al-Hamawi’s in the same cities, drawn from their recorded journeys.

The world in their lifetime

Thinkers and teachers of other traditions whose lives overlapped with Yaqut al-Hamawi’s — a glimpse of the wider world they lived in. Drawn purely from recorded birth and death years.

Works

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