July 20

Sarada Devi, spiritual consort of Ramakrishna and a revered teacher central to the founding of the Ramakrishna movement, died in Kolkata.

Ashraf Ali Thanwi, a Deobandi jurist and Sufi teacher in British India whose manuals guided generations of readers, died at Thana Bhawan.

Gregor Mendel, the friar whose experiments with pea plants revealed the basic rules of heredity and laid the groundwork for genetics, was born on 20 July 1822 in Austrian Silesia.

On 20 July 1969, the lunar module Eagle touched down in the Moon's Sea of Tranquility; hours later Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first people to walk on another world.