July 25

Rosalind Franklin, the X-ray crystallographer whose images were central to understanding the structure of DNA, was born in London.

The emperor Constantius I died at Eboracum, modern York, while campaigning in the empire's northern British provinces.

On his father's death at York, the army acclaimed Constantine as emperor, opening the reign that would reshape the Roman world.

Swami Ramdas, the devotional teacher of Ram-nama whose memoir 'In Quest of God' drew seekers worldwide, died at Anandashram in Kanhangad, Kerala, which he had founded.

Abdel Rahman Badawi, a prolific Egyptian philosopher who edited scores of Arabic philosophical manuscripts and wrote on existentialism, died at 85.

On 25 July 1978 in Oldham, England, Louise Brown became the first person born through in-vitro fertilization, a milestone from the work of Patrick Steptoe, Robert Edwards and Jean Purdy.