June 22

Emil Fackenheim, the philosopher and rabbi known for his post-Holocaust theological writing, was born in Halle, Germany.

Rome's legions broke the Macedonian phalanx of King Perseus, ending the Third Macedonian War and the independent Antigonid kingdom.

The Council of Ephesus, the third ecumenical council, was formally opened by Cyril of Alexandria in the Church of Mary.

The astronomer and mathematician Jamshid al-Kashi, who computed remarkably precise values of pi at the Samarkand observatory, died in Samarkand.

John Fisher, bishop of Rochester, was executed on Tower Hill for refusing to accept the king as supreme head of the Church of England.

The American orientalist Morris Jastrow Jr., author of 'The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria', died on this day in 1921 in Pennsylvania.

Examining photographic plates at the U.S. Naval Observatory, James Christy identified a bulge that proved to be Charon, the large moon orbiting Pluto.